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Aрхеологија и археогенетика / Одг: Древна ДНК - научни радови
« Последња порука CosicZ послато данас у 05:05:47 пре подне »Нова студија древне ДНК о етногенези германских народа, преко 700 нових секвенцираних узорака. Ради се о препринту.https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.13.584607v1.full-text
Steppe Ancestry in western Eurasia and the spread of the Germanic Languages
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.13.584607v1
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.13.584607v1.supplementary-material
Цитат
By using Iron Age sources for Western, Southern and Eastern Scandinavians (set 6, Extended Data Figure 6), we are able to ascertain more specific source populations and regions for migrations previously described more broadly to Northern Europe (Gretzinger, Langobards, Stolarek). South of the Nordic region, the Jutlandic Iron Age source to be the primary Scandinavian ancestry to the west (present day Germany, the Netherlands and England). Further east, populations of present-day Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Öland and Finland are primarily mixtures of Eastern Scandinavian and Baltic Bronze Age ancestries.
The arrival of northern continental European ancestry during the Saxon period in England from a broad region ranging from the Netherlands to Southern Sweden has previously been shown 47. Here we find almost all samples from England fall within the Southern Scandinavian clusters, restricting the range from the Netherlands to Jutland (Extended Data Figure 7). By adding a second Iron Age Southern Scandinavian source from Mecklenburg, Northern Germany, we are able to distinguish between the two Southern Scandinavian IA sources, allowing us to restrict this range further (Extended Data Figure 7). We find Southern Scandinavian ancestry in almost all Saxons from England, Frisians from the Netherlands and Iron Age Germans to be modelled as the Northern German source. Interestingly, the distribution of those two closely related ancestries largely resembles that of the two lineages of the dominant R1b Y-chromosome in the region (Supplemental Section 6.6.4.2). In contrast, individuals from Northern Jutland are modelled primarily as the local Southern Scandinavian IA ancestry.
Similarly, we find another West Germanic speaking population, the Langobards from the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Italy to be modelled as primarily Southern Scandinavian IA (Figure S6.9.6.1), and, accordingly, to carry a few Y haplogroups lineages restricted to Scandinavia. In contrast, we find the (supposed East Germanic-speaking) Polish Wielbark individuals, to be modelled primarily as Eastern Scandinavian. However, most later individuals associated with the originally East Germanic-speaking groups, the Ukrainian Ostrogoths and the Visigoths of Iberia, appear to be locals (Supplementary Note 6.9.6). Two exceptions are from Goths from Iberia, who genetically fall on the Northeast-Southeast Baltic cline (one of which carries a Northern European Y haplogroups), suggesting an origin in North East Europe, but not Eastern Scandinavia specifically. This cline includes populations related to the spread of Slavic populations in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic and are to be related to the Baltic Bronze Age ancestry originating in North East Europe (Supplementary Note 6.9.7). With the current sampling, determining a more precise homeland of the Slavic migrations is not yet possible.